How to enlarge the foot

Since the main cause of a lack of hemoglobin in the blood is iron deficiency, it is necessary to eat foods that contain large amounts of iron. These can be of plant or animal origin. Foods that interfere with iron absorption should also be avoided or limited.

Low blood hemoglobin: causes, symptoms, treatment

hemoglobin – is a complex iron-containing protein found in red blood cells. Hemoglobin consists of heme (non-protein part) and globin (protein part). It is involved in the transport of oxygen to all structures in the body, transports iron, participates in maintaining acid-base balance and removes carbon dioxide.

The hemoglobin level is determined by a general blood test. It varies in certain groups of people and depends on gender, age and physiological condition.

When the hemoglobin concentration falls, anemia develops. The body suffers from a lack of oxygen. The normal functioning of the heart, internal organs and brain is disturbed.

Protein deficiency is caused by serious illnesses that require treatment.

What happens when the hemoglobin level is low?

Decreased levels of hemoglobin in the blood cause anemia and lead to hypoxia of the body's organs and tissues. If the hemoglobin requirement increases, functional disorders occur in all body systems.

Severe hemoglobin deficiency leads to metabolic disorders, toxins are no longer excreted from the body and accumulate. The load on the liver and kidneys increases. Oxygen transport by hemoglobin decreases and the lungs suffer. The cardiovascular system begins to pump blood harder to provide the body with adequate oxygen. Heart failure occurs and the heart enlarges.

Severe deficiency leads to sclerosis in various organs. Scar tissue replaces normal tissue, leading to organ dysfunction. Pathologies develop in the excretory and respiratory systems, and other organs are also affected.

Low hemoglobin lowers a person's immune status. Infectious processes occur more often. When a child suffers from such a condition, growth and development can be impaired.

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ICD-10

In the medical literature, the synonyms 'plantar' or 'plantar' hyperhidrosis are used to describe the pathology. According to various sources, 1-10 % of the world's adult population suffer from excessive foot perspiration. In military personnel, the rate is 30-40 %, which is due to the high level of physical exertion and wearing boots in uniform. Essential hyperhidrosis accounts for 1 % of all cases of locally increased sole sweating. In most cases, excessive sweating is a symptom or a consequence of some other pathological process in the body.

causes

Underlying the development of sweating pathology is a persistent disruption in the functioning of the sweat glands, which is influenced by external and internal factors. It is important to identify the causes of hyperhidrosis on the feet in order to choose the most effective treatment and prevent it from recurring. The following factors can lead to the development of the disease:

• Genetic abnormalities. The development of local idiopathic hyperhidrosis is usually associated with an excessive number of sweat glands per unit area of plantar skin or an inadequate response of these glands to nerve stimulation. Statistically, 40 % of patients with excessive foot sweating have one or both parents suffering from the same condition.
• Dermatological diseases. Excessive sweating of the extremities is one of the significant manifestations of many keratodermatosis of the hands and feet, a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases characterized by diffuse or focal hyperkeratosis of the skin of the hands and feet. Hyperhidrosis of the soles of the feet in combination with grey-brown skin pigmentation is observed in Zinsser-Engman-Cole syndrome.
• Neurological abnormalities. The localized character of sweating disorders usually indicates abnormalities in the peripheral nervous system. The lesions can be asymmetrical. Psychogenic and thermoregulatory sweating is absent in the affected area, while spontaneous and pharmacologically induced sweating persists.
• Psycho-emotional tension. Somatoform dysfunction related to chronic stress and overwork develops in 25-30 % adults. Disturbances in the activity of the nerve centers responsible for thermoregulation lead to a localized increase in sweating. Often, plantar hyperhidrosis occurs simultaneously with axillary or palmar hyperhidrosis, and the symptoms of the condition are exacerbated by emotional outbursts.
• Static foot deformities. Various forms of flatfoot cause plantar hyperhidrosis in 10-15 % of cases. In athletes and servants, flat arches are caused by increased stress on the musculoskeletal system. To a certain extent, this can be remedied with orthoses or custom-made orthopedic shoes.

diagnosis

In order to make an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct certain laboratory and instrumental studies, such as: B:

Basic methods for diagnosing hypersensitivity on the feet

diagnostic technique	Time
urinalysis	5 minutes
General blood test	10 mins
electroneuromyography	35 minutes
Duplex Scan	30 minutes
Toxicological blood test	60 minutes

Hypersensitive skin on the legs often subsides once the wounds and burns have healed. For this purpose, ointments and solutions with antiseptic agents are used. Diabetes mellitus requires a reduction in blood sugar levels. Pain syndrome is treated with anesthetics. Skin irritation and sensitivity on the leg does not require surgical intervention.

Sedatives are used to normalize the patient's mental state. If the patient comes into constant contact with toxic substances at work, it may be necessary to change jobs. After the treatment, regular visits to the family doctor and blood pressure checks are required.

Which doctor treats?

Increased skin sensitivity should never be ignored. This can lead to health problems, especially worsening nervous system disorders. The diagnosis of hypersensitive skin on the legs requires an examination by the general practitioner:

symptoms of the disease.

This condition interferes with the normal functioning of the sweat glands. It can appear all over the body or only in certain areas. It should be noted that all people sweat and this is a normal reaction of the body. However, with excessive sweating, one can speak of a pathology. It is difficult not to notice hyperhidrosis, because increased sweating is very uncomfortable. If, for example, the armpits are affected, you have to change clothes frequently because of the wetness. It's not uncommon for localized hyperhidrosis to lead to embarrassment and a refusal to exercise. Symptoms of the condition include:

The sweat itself, which has already been secreted, has no odor. But it creates a favorable environment for the growth of bacteria and microorganisms on the skin. Their products create a repulsive odor that is uncomfortable for others. Therefore, this symptom cannot be fully attributed to hyperhidrosis; rather, it is an indication that the person is not taking sufficient care of themselves. With proper personal hygiene and the rules of personal hygiene, the odor can be completely eliminated.

types of disease

Hyperhidrosis and its treatment largely depend on the form of the disease. First of all, a distinction is made between the stage of the disease: total or localized. The second form is the most common and has many characteristics. It is customary to distinguish between localized hyperhidrosis:

In hyperhidrosis of the head, increased sweating occurs below the hairline. Red spots may appear on the face, which can be considered a symptom of embarrassment. It occurs less frequently than other forms of the disease and is clearly noticeable in high ambient temperatures or physical exertion.

Axillary hyperhidrosis is very uncomfortable. He is embarrassed about wet stains on his clothes, has complexes and can become depressed. With hyperhidrosis on the feet, the patient often feels uncomfortable when removing shoes. In this form of the disease, there is a weak connection with air temperature. It often occurs in combination with hyperhidrosis of the armpits. The most common form of the disease affects the hands. In some cases, the sweat literally drips off them in the form of droplets. Wet palms are very embarrassing, especially for the female half of humanity.

Causes of Hyperhidrosis

The sweat glands of sick people are no different from those of healthy people. The impairment of their function is not in the area of hypertrophy, but is associated with hyperactivity. In hyperhidrosis, patients have a reduced sweat threshold. This can have the following causes:

In addition to the diseases that trigger it, hyperhidrosis can also be caused by poor personal hygiene or wearing loose clothing and shoes. It should be noted that sweating increases in all people during physical exertion or in stressful situations. However, it is more pronounced in patients with this clinical picture.

Which doctor should I contact in case of hyperhidrosis?

Although the condition is not life-threatening, it can indicate the development of other diseases. In addition, it causes significant discomfort. Therefore, it is advisable to see a doctor as soon as you notice the symptoms of hyperhidrosis. The following will help you:

Effective leg training program for women

You can do these exercises with your own body weight both at home and in the gym.

Start by exercising every other day 3 times a week for 4 weeks. As you become more confident, you can increase the number of workouts to 4 times a week. If you want, you can add a 20-minute cardio workout for your legs. This way you will get results even faster!

Important tips:

1. If you plan to use additional weights, start with a light load. This way you don't give up technique, but use your strength to perform the exercises. If you find it difficult to perform the exercises correctly, it is better not to use additional weights for the time being and focus on technique in order to avoid injury.
2. Correct technique is a prerequisite for efficiency and good results. Doing the exercises too quickly is also undesirable. Start with slow exercises and increase the speed and complexity over time.
3. Engage as many muscles as possible during your workout. To do this, focus on the muscles you want to contract while performing the movement. This makes the exercise even more effective.
4. And again: be patient! Over time, you will notice the results of your efforts, but only if you exercise regularly and combine it with a healthy diet.
5. If you experience breathing difficulties or pain while exercising, you should see your doctor to find out what is causing your discomfort.

What you need:

If you plan to use extra weights, take weights of different weights with you.

A stopwatch (but you can count yourself).

Workout for beautiful legs

Each exercise lasts 1 minute. The break between exercises is 15 seconds. The pause between approaches (circles from all exercises) is 1 minute. We advise beginners to stop at two approaches, advanced users do 3-4 rounds.

Watch your breathing and don't forget to drink water.

1 Strengthen your buttocks and hamstrings.

Get on all fours. Keep your back flat by tightening your abs. Place a moderate to heavy weight under your right knee and squeeze your shin against your glutes. Choose a weight that offers only light resistance. Now raise your leg 90 degrees to the floor and return to the starting position. Continue raising and lowering the leg without stopping. Switch legs after 20 repetitions.

2 squats.

Stand up straight with your feet shoulder-width apart. If you want to use extra weight, start with a small load to avoid incorrect technique.

Hold the weight (or just your arms) in front of you on your chest.

Keep your back straight, don't bend over. Bend your knees and squeeze your glutes back as if you were sitting in a chair. If possible, keep your hips parallel to the floor as you squat. You can squat less deeply; technique is most important here.

3. Side lunges

Stand up straight, feet shoulder-width apart, hands lowered with the weights at your sides. Take a step to the right and walk toward the floor, keeping your torso as upright as possible. Then push yourself off the floor and return to the starting position. Repeat the exercise on the other side. Complete a total of 25 repetitions on each leg.

4. Wall squat

This effective exercise works wonders in strengthening and toning the thigh muscles. Stand against a wall with your back spread. Use weights if you like. Place your feet shoulder-width apart and squat. If possible, keep your hips parallel to the floor. Stay in this position for 1 minute. If the pain in the muscles becomes too severe, stand up, shake your legs, and do the exercise again. Stay tuned!

Why is active gymnastics necessary?

Lying down, for whatever reason, leads to numerous health problems. Here are just some of them:

There are two large groups of exercises for bedridden patients:

The first is aimed at restoring the function of body parts and organs that have been lost to disease. The second is to prevent diseases associated with the immobility described above.

Exercises for various diseases

While the above exercises may seem simple, they are very effective for a variety of conditions, including cardiovascular and orthopedic conditions. However, when putting together an exercise program for a particular patient, the doctor must always take into account some important specifics.

The main aim of this disease is to restore mobility to the paralyzed half of the body. In the first days after a stroke, it is definitely not possible to do exercises independently. However, on the advice of the doctor, one should start with passive exercises, which are very similar to massage (they do not require the use of the patient's muscles), but prevent pressure sores, speed up circulation and stimulate the heart.

As soon as the patient is able to perform at least simple movements, active gymnastics is recommended. If the exercises described above are not yet feasible, start small, e.g. B. with finger movements.

The speed and success of rehabilitation largely depends on the patient's own efforts: today you can move just one finger, tomorrow your hand will move with regular, conscientious exercise. The most important thing is not to expect great progress from one day to the next. The recovery process is long, but possible! And that is the most important.

Insufficiency of Castle's internal factor

This pathology tops the list of causes of B12 deficiency anemia in the elderly for good reason, as B12 can only be absorbed in the gut in conjunction with the 'stomach factor'.

In other words, the absorption of vitamin B12 is severely impaired when there is atrophy (atrophic gastritis) or a gastrectomy (removal of part of this organ). However, atrophic gastritis occurs in the elderly with a frequency of 70-80 %.

The causes of atrophic gastritis are also diverse. In older people, however, autoimmune aggression plays an important role.

Antibodies against gastric mucosal cells or the Kahl factor itself are found in 90 % of the patients with gastric atrophy. However, it is currently unclear whether they are an independent cause of such gastritis or whether they develop as a background to an existing condition.

Dietary B12 deficiency

It's no secret that older people often have a preference for foods of plant origin. The consumption of meat, dairy products and eggs is severely restricted or stopped altogether. These products are important sources of vitamin B12, which also explains the prevalence of B12 anemia in vegetarians.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can also be caused by 'mere competition' as bacteria and parasites are quite 'voracious' in this regard.

At the same time, the 'accelerated' proliferation of bacteria is favored by the tendency of older people to become constipated and the presence of intestinal diverticula. Among the worm infestations, the fox tapeworm is the most important.

The diagnosis.
Which doctor should you go to?

Not everyone knows where to treat lower limb lymphostasis. Treatment requires a visit to a phlebologist or vascular surgeon. The doctor will recommend the necessary examinations:

• Doppler ultrasound of the lower limbs;
• a biochemical blood test;
• computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging;
• Ultrasound scans of the pelvis.

Diagnosis in the clinic is necessary in order to correctly assess the condition of the vessels and lymph nodes. The examination confirms or refutes the original diagnosis and provides information about the extent of damage to the lower limbs. Once the lymphatic congestion in the leg has been diagnosed, the treatment can take a long time.

Treatment of lymphostasis: how to get rid of swelling

For effective treatment, it is important that the patient follows the rules of hygiene and takes care of the affected skin on a daily basis. Placing the sore limb on a pillow will help relieve severe swelling and eliminate pain.

Leg swelling can be relieved by a variety of methods.

If lymphedema was found on the legs, the treatment can be conservative and consist of special drugs. In many cases, these are prescribed by prescription:

Caution! Intra-arterial injection of patient's lymphocytes and injection of hyaluronidase show good results.

If the lymphedema has led to ulcers and rust infections, the affected area must be treated with antiseptics and anti-inflammatory drugs. When lower limb lymphedema is diagnosed, treatment should include not only external wound care but also antibiotics to help the disease heal.

An effective treatment method is to massage the affected legs.
In this case, only a qualified specialist can help.

How to treat lymphatic congestion in the legs with massage? It is important to combine different types of movements and strokes.

Do not go to a massage therapist if there are sores, irritation, or erosions on the skin. Massage is not a difficult treatment, but it should be left to a qualified professional.

Where can you find one? Professional massage and therapies are usually provided by clinics that treat the condition.

Therapeutic exercises include a whole range of gymnastic exercises. Lymphatic gymnastics promotes the drainage of lymph from the lower limbs and eliminates fluid stagnation.
How can you treat lymphatic congestion in the legs with exercise?

Do a few simple exercises every day:
1. Sit on a stool.
2. Put your hands in front of you.
3. Bend and straighten your legs at the knees.

The same exercise can also be done with your hands in the air. This activity increases the load on the feet and helps eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of the condition.

Read more:

• Lift your heels off the floor during the squat.
• Feet of teenagers.
• Knee splint for knee arthrosis.
• How to correct a valgus.
• muscles in the legs.
• Which ligaments strengthen the transverse arch of the foot?.
• lower leg flexion.
• On half-bent legs.